practiceMainTask.m

%% practice the main task
% contains all components and set at a relatively high visibility level,
% determined by the detection practice to lead to > 0.7 accuracy

function [R,C] = practiceMainTask(subID,orientations,vivDet,V)

% =========================================================================
% Setup
% =========================================================================
[w, rect] = setWindow(0);
HideCursor;

% output
output = fullfile(cd,'results',subID);
if ~exist(output,'dir'); mkdir(output); end
saveName = sprintf('PMT_%s.mat',subID);

% Trial numbers and order
nOri    = length(orientations);
nRep    = 1; % how often to repeat unique block combinations 
blocks  = blockStructure(nOri,nOri,nRep); 
nBlocks = size(blocks,1);
nTrials = 10; % per block
trials  = trialStructure(blocks,nTrials); 
R       = nan(nBlocks,nTrials,4);
C       = nan(nBlocks,1);

% Visibility settings
vis_scale = [0 logspace(log10(0.005),log10(0.2),299)]; % steps in log space
visibility = V;

% responses
vivRating     = 1;
vivRT         = 2;
detResponse   = 3;
detRT         = 4;
responseMappings = repmat(1:2,1,nBlocks/2);
responseMappings = responseMappings(randperm(nBlocks));

yesKey        = {'h','f'};
noKey         = {'j','d'};
vividnessKeys = {'a','s','d','f';'l','k','j','h'};
checkKeys     = {'k','l';'a','s'};

% timing
mITI    = 2; % mean ITI - randomly sample from norm
sITI    = 1; % SD for sampling
ITIs    = normrnd(mITI,sITI,nBlocks,nTrials);
fixTime = 0.2;

% =========================================================================
% Stimuli
% =========================================================================

% Makes the gabors to show for instruction
gaborPatch   = cell(nOri,1);
gaborTexture = cell(nOri,1);
for iOri = 1:nOri
    % stimulus
    gaborPatch{iOri} = make_stimulus(orientations(iOri),1); % full visibility
    % texture
    gaborTexture{iOri} = Screen('MakeTexture',w,gaborPatch{iOri});
end

% Noise stimulus info
displayDuration = 2;                     % Duration of the stimulus in seconds
hz = Screen('NominalFrameRate', w);
ifi = 1/hz;                              % Refresh rate
nStepSize = 2;                           % 2 frames per step
nSteps = (displayDuration/ifi)/nStepSize;

cues = {'A','B'}; 

%% Instructon screen
[xCenter, yCenter] = RectCenter(rect);
[x_pix, ~] = Screen('WindowSize', w);

% show instructions
text = ['Now for the main task, we will combine these two things together. \n ',...
    'During each block, you will imagine a grating of a specific orientation \n ',...
    'and indicate your vividness, like you did just now. \n ',...
    'At the same time, you will be detecting a grating of a certain orientation, \n ',...
    'either the same as the one you are imagining, or the other one.\n \n ',...
    'We will also switch each block which hand you should use for each response type! \n ',...
    'Your index finger will always indicate yes and high vividness. \n \n '];
    
if vivDet == 1 % first vividness
    text = [text 'After each trial, you will first indicate how vivid your imagery was \n and then whether the to-be-detected grating was presented. \n \n'];
elseif vivDet == 2 % first detection
    text = [text 'After each trial, you will first indicate whether the to-be-detected grating was presented \n and then how vivid your imagery was. \n \n'];
end

text = [text 'Let"s practice this a few times. \n \n ',...
    '[Press any key to continue] \n '];

Screen('TextSize',w, 28);
DrawFormattedText(w, text, 'center', yCenter*0.75, [255 255 255]);

% show gratings info
Xpos     = [x_pix*(1/3) x_pix*(2/3)];
baseRect = [0 0 size(gaborPatch{1},1) size(gaborPatch{1},1)];

allRects = nan(4, 3);
for i = 1:2
    allRects(:, i) = CenterRectOnPointd(baseRect, Xpos(i), yCenter*1.4);
end

vbl=Screen('Flip', w);
KbWait;

%% Trials start
for iBlock = 1:length(blocks)
    
    WaitSecs(fixTime); 
    
    % instruction screen with gratings
    text = sprintf('During this block, you will be imagining Grating %s and detecting Grating %s. \n \n',cues{blocks(iBlock,2)},cues{blocks(iBlock,1)});       
    if responseMappings(iBlock) == 1
        text = [text 'You will use your left hand to indicate vividness \n and your right to indicate whether a stimulus was presented.'];
        RM = 1;
    elseif responseMappings(iBlock) == 2        
        text = [text 'You will use your right hand to indicate vividness \n and your left to indicate whether a stimulus was presented.'];
        RM = 2;
    end        
    text = [text '\n \n [Press any key to start] \n '];
    
    Screen('TextSize',w, 28);
    DrawFormattedText(w, text, 'center', yCenter*0.75, [255 255 255]);    
    
    Screen('DrawTextures', w, gaborTexture{1}, [], allRects(:,1), [],[], 0.5);
    DrawFormattedText(w, 'Grating A', xCenter*(1.8/3), yCenter*1.2, [255 255 255]);
    
    Screen('DrawTextures', w, gaborTexture{2}, [], allRects(:,2), [],[], 0.5);
    DrawFormattedText(w, 'Grating B', xCenter*(3.8/3), yCenter*1.2, [255 255 255]);
    
    vbl=Screen('Flip', w);
    KbWait;
    
    % loop over trials
    for iTrial = 1:nTrials
        
        % Fixation
        Screen('DrawLines', w, [0 0 -10 10; -10 10 0 0],...
            4, [0,0,0], [rect(3)/2, rect(4)/2], 1);
        vbl=Screen('Flip', w);
        WaitSecs(fixTime);
        
        if trials(iBlock,iTrial) == 1 % present trial
            % schedule of visibility gradient (i.e how visible at each frame)
            % Increases till most visible at the end
            schedule = vis_scale(round(linspace(1,visibility,nSteps)));
        else % Pure noise trial
            % 0 for entire schedule
            schedule = zeros(1,nSteps);
        end
        
        % Make the texture for each frame by combining the gabor with noise.
        % Rotates the annulus mask to hide the rotated boundary box around the
        % grating.
        target = {}; 
        for i_frame = 1:nSteps
            idx = ((i_frame-1)*nStepSize)+1:(i_frame*nStepSize);
            tmp = Screen('MakeTexture',w, ...
                make_stimulus(orientations(blocks(iBlock,1)),schedule(i_frame)));
            for i = 1:length(idx); target{idx(i)} = tmp; end
        end
        
         % =========================================================================
        % Presentation
        % =========================================================================
        
        % Present stimulus
        tini = GetSecs;
        for i_frame = 1:length(target)
            
            while GetSecs-tini < ifi*i_frame
                
                Screen('DrawTextures',w,target{i_frame});
                
                Screen('DrawLines', w, [0 0 -10 10; -10 10 0 0],...
                    4, [0,0,0], [rect(3)/2, rect(4)/2], 1); % fixation
                
                vbl=Screen('Flip', w);
            end
        end
        
        if vivDet == 1
            
            % Vividness rating first
            text = 'How vivid was your imagery? \n';
            if RM == 2 % right hand
                text = [text '\n 4[RI] - 1[RL]'];
            else
                text = [text '\n 1[LL] - 4[LI]'];
            end
            Screen('TextSize',w, 28);
            DrawFormattedText(w, text, 'center', 'center', 255);
            vbl = Screen('Flip', w);
            
            keyPressed = 0; % clear previous response
            while ~keyPressed
                
                [~, keyTime, keyCode] = KbCheck(-3);
                key = KbName(keyCode);
                
                if ~iscell(key) % only start a keypress if there is only one key being pressed
                    if any(strcmp(key, vividnessKeys(RM,:)))
                        
                        % fill in B
                        R(iBlock,iTrial,vivRating) = find(strcmp(key,vividnessKeys(RM,:))); % 1 to 4
                        R(iBlock,iTrial,vivRT) = keyTime-vbl; % RT
                        
                        keyPressed = true;
                        
                    elseif strcmp(key, 'ESCAPE')
                        Screen('TextSize',w, 28);
                        DrawFormattedText(w, 'Experiment was aborted!', 'center', 'center', [255 255 255]);
                        Screen('Flip',w);
                        WaitSecs(0.5);
                        ShowCursor;
                        disp(' ');
                        disp('Experiment aborted by user!');
                        disp(' ');
                        Screen('CloseAll');
                        save(fullfile(output,saveName)); % save everything
                        return;
                    end
                end
            end
            
            % Detection
            text = 'Was there a grating on the screen? \n';
            if RM == 1 % right hand
                text = [text 'Yes [RI] or no [RM]'];
            else
                text = [text 'No [LM] or yes [LI]'];
            end
            Screen('TextSize',w, 28);
            DrawFormattedText(w, text, 'center', 'center', 255);
            vbl = Screen('Flip', w);
            
            % Log response
            keyPressed = 0; % clear previous response
            while ~keyPressed
                
                [~, keyTime, keyCode] = KbCheck(-3);
                key = KbName(keyCode);
                
                if ~iscell(key) % only start a keypress if there is only one key being pressed
                    if any(strcmp(key, {yesKey{RM},noKey{RM}}))
                        
                        % fill in B
                        R(iBlock,iTrial,detResponse) = strcmp(key,yesKey{RM}); % 1 yes 0 no
                        R(iBlock,iTrial,detRT) = keyTime-vbl;
                        
                        keyPressed = true;
                        
                    elseif strcmp(key, 'ESCAPE')
                        Screen('TextSize',w, 28);
                        DrawFormattedText(w, 'Experiment was aborted!', 'center', 'center', [255 255 255]);
                        Screen('Flip',w);
                        WaitSecs(0.5);
                        ShowCursor;
                        disp(' ');
                        disp('Experiment aborted by user!');
                        disp(' ');
                        Screen('CloseAll');
                        save(fullfile(output,saveName)); % save everything
                        return;
                    end
                end
            end
            
        elseif vivDet == 2
            
            % Detection first
            text = 'Was there a grating on the screen? \n';
            if RM == 1 % right hand
                text = [text 'Yes [RI] or no [RM]'];
            else
                text = [text 'No [LM] or yes [LI]'];
            end
            Screen('TextSize',w, 28);
            DrawFormattedText(w, text, 'center', 'center', 255);
            vbl = Screen('Flip', w);
            
            % Log response
            keyPressed = 0; % clear previous response
            while ~keyPressed
                
                [~, keyTime, keyCode] = KbCheck(-3);
                key = KbName(keyCode);
                
                if ~iscell(key) % only start a keypress if there is only one key being pressed
                    if any(strcmp(key, {yesKey{RM},noKey{RM}}))
                        
                        % fill in B
                        R(iBlock,iTrial,detResponse) = strcmp(key,yesKey{RM}); % 1 yes 0 no
                        R(iBlock,iTrial,detRT) = keyTime-vbl;
                        
                        keyPressed = true;
                        
                    elseif strcmp(key, 'ESCAPE')
                        Screen('TextSize',w, 28);
                        DrawFormattedText(w, 'Experiment was aborted!', 'center', 'center', [255 255 255]);
                        Screen('Flip',w);
                        WaitSecs(0.5);
                        ShowCursor;
                        disp(' ');
                        disp('Experiment aborted by user!');
                        disp(' ');
                        Screen('CloseAll');
                        save(fullfile(output,saveName)); % save everything
                        return;
                    end
                end
            end
            
            % Vividness rating
            text = 'How vivid was your imagery? \n';
            if RM == 2 % right hand
                text = [text '\n 4[RI] - 1[RL]'];
            else
                text = [text '\n 1[LL] - 4[LI]'];
            end
            Screen('TextSize',w, 28);
            DrawFormattedText(w, text, 'center', 'center', 255);
            vbl = Screen('Flip', w);
            
            keyPressed = 0; % clear previous response
            while ~keyPressed
                
                [~, keyTime, keyCode] = KbCheck(-3);
                key = KbName(keyCode);
                
                if ~iscell(key) % only start a keypress if there is only one key being pressed
                    if any(strcmp(key, vividnessKeys(RM,:)))
                        
                        % fill in B
                        R(iBlock,iTrial,vivRating) = find(strcmp(key,vividnessKeys(RM,:))); % 1 to 4
                        R(iBlock,iTrial,vivRT) = keyTime-vbl; % RT
                        
                        keyPressed = true;
                        
                    elseif strcmp(key, 'ESCAPE')
                        Screen('TextSize',w, 28);
                        DrawFormattedText(w, 'Experiment was aborted!', 'center', 'center', [255 255 255]);
                        Screen('Flip',w);
                        WaitSecs(0.5);
                        ShowCursor;
                        disp(' ');
                        disp('Experiment aborted by user!');
                        disp(' ');
                        Screen('CloseAll');
                        save(fullfile(output,saveName)); % save everything
                        return;
                    end
                end
            end
        end
        
        % Inter trial interval 
        Screen('DrawLines', w, [0 0 -10 10; -10 10 0 0],...
            4, [255,255,255], [rect(3)/2, rect(4)/2], 1);
        Screen('Flip', w);
        WaitSecs(ITIs(iBlock,iTrial));
        
        % Close all textures to free memory
        tmp = unique(cell2mat(target));
        for i_tex = 1:length(tmp)
            Screen('Close', tmp(i_tex));
        end
        
    end
    
    % Imagery check
    text = 'CHECK! Which grating did you imagine this block? \n';
    if RM == 1 % Right hand
        text = [text 'Grating A [RR] or Grating B [RL]'];
    else
        text = [text 'Grating A [LL] or Grating B [LR]'];
    end
    Screen('TextSize',w, 28);
    DrawFormattedText(w, text, 'center', yCenter, [255 255 255]);    
    
    Screen('DrawTextures', w, gaborTexture{1}, [], allRects(:,1), [],[], 0.5);
    DrawFormattedText(w, 'Grating A', xCenter*(1.8/3), yCenter*1.2, [255 255 255]);
    
    Screen('DrawTextures', w, gaborTexture{2}, [], allRects(:,2), [],[], 0.5);
    DrawFormattedText(w, 'Grating B', xCenter*(3.8/3), yCenter*1.2, [255 255 255]);
    
    vbl=Screen('Flip', w);
    
    % log response
    keyPressed = 0; % clear previous response
    while ~keyPressed
        
        [~, keyTime, keyCode] = KbCheck(-3);
        key = KbName(keyCode);
        
        if ~iscell(key) % only start a keypress if there is only one key being pressed
            if any(strcmp(key, checkKeys(RM,:)))
                
                % fill in response
                checkResponse = find(strcmp(key,checkKeys(RM,:))); % 1 to 2
                if checkResponse == blocks(iBlock,2) % correct
                    C(iBlock) = 1;
                else
                    C(iBlock) = 0;
                end                    
                
                keyPressed = true;
                
            elseif strcmp(key, 'ESCAPE')
                Screen('TextSize',w, 28);
                DrawFormattedText(w, 'Experiment was aborted!', 'center', 'center', [255 255 255]);
                Screen('Flip',w);
                WaitSecs(0.5);
                ShowCursor;
                disp(' ');
                disp('Experiment aborted by user!');
                disp(' ');
                Screen('CloseAll');
                save(fullfile(output,saveName)); % save everything
                return;
            end
        end
    end
    
    % Feedback
    WaitSecs(0.2);
    if C(iBlock) == 1
    text = 'Correct! \n \n [Press any key to continue]';
    elseif C(iBlock) == 0
        text = 'That is incorrect, please read the block instructions carefully! \n \n [Press any key to continue]';
    end
    Screen('TextSize',w, 28);
    DrawFormattedText(w, text, 'center', 'center', 255);
    vbl = Screen('Flip', w);
    KbWait;
end

save(fullfile(output,saveName)); % save everything


Screen('TextSize',w, 28);
DrawFormattedText(w, 'This is the end of the final practice task!', 'center', 'center', [255 255 255]);
vbl = Screen('Flip', w);
WaitSecs(2);
Screen('CloseAll')
sca;