diff --git a/src/stack/build/build_util.py b/src/stack/build/build_util.py
index 0edad33..ceb3990 100644
--- a/src/stack/build/build_util.py
+++ b/src/stack/build/build_util.py
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ def get_containers_in_scope(stack):
         else:
             containers_in_scope.append(StackContainer(container["name"], ref=container.get("ref"), path=container.get("path")))
 
-    log_debug(f'Containers: {containers_in_scope}')
+    log_debug(f"Containers: {containers_in_scope}")
     if stack:
         log_debug(f"Stack: {stack}")
 
diff --git a/src/stack/build/build_webapp.py b/src/stack/build/build_webapp.py
index 197986d..b93007a 100644
--- a/src/stack/build/build_webapp.py
+++ b/src/stack/build/build_webapp.py
@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@
 
 
 @click.command()
-@click.option('--base-container')
-@click.option('--source-repo', help="directory containing the webapp to build", required=True)
+@click.option("--base-container")
+@click.option("--source-repo", help="directory containing the webapp to build", required=True)
 @click.option("--force-rebuild", is_flag=True, default=False, help="Override dependency checking -- always rebuild")
 @click.option("--extra-build-args", help="Supply extra arguments to build")
 @click.option("--tag", help="Container tag (default: bozemanpass/<app_name>:stack)")
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ def command(ctx, base_container, source_repo, force_rebuild, extra_build_args, t
 
     dev_root_path = get_dev_root_path()
 
-    log_debug(f'Dev Root is: {dev_root_path}')
+    log_debug(f"Dev Root is: {dev_root_path}")
 
     if not base_container:
         base_container = determine_base_container(source_repo)
diff --git a/src/stack/deploy/k8s/helpers.py b/src/stack/deploy/k8s/helpers.py
index ef79da6..f28d579 100644
--- a/src/stack/deploy/k8s/helpers.py
+++ b/src/stack/deploy/k8s/helpers.py
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ def named_volumes_from_pod_files(parsed_pod_files):
             volumes = parsed_pod_file["volumes"]
             for volume, value in volumes.items():
                 # Volume definition looks like:
-                # 'laconicd-data': None
+                # "laconicd-data": None
                 named_volumes.append(volume)
     return named_volumes
 
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ def _generate_kind_mounts(parsed_pod_files, deployment_dir, deployment_context):
                                     f"  - hostPath: {_make_absolute_host_path(volume_host_path_map[volume_name], deployment_dir)}\n"
                                     f"    containerPath: {get_kind_pv_bind_mount_path(volume_name)}\n"
                                 )
-    return "" if len(volume_definitions) == 0 else ("  extraMounts:\n" f"{''.join(volume_definitions)}")
+    return "" if len(volume_definitions) == 0 else ("  extraMounts:\n" f"{"".join(volume_definitions)}")
 
 
 # TODO: decide if we need this functionality
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ def _generate_kind_port_mappings_from_services(parsed_pod_files):
                         # TODO handle the complex cases
                         # Looks like: 80 or something more complicated
                         port_definitions.append(f"  - containerPort: {port_string}\n    hostPort: {port_string}\n")
-    return "" if len(port_definitions) == 0 else ("  extraPortMappings:\n" f"{''.join(port_definitions)}")
+    return "" if len(port_definitions) == 0 else ("  extraPortMappings:\n" f"{"".join(port_definitions)}")
 
 
 def _generate_kind_port_mappings(parsed_pod_files):
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@ def _generate_kind_port_mappings(parsed_pod_files):
     # For now we just map port 80 for the nginx ingress controller we install in kind
     port_string = "80"
     port_definitions.append(f"  - containerPort: {port_string}\n    hostPort: {port_string}\n")
-    return "" if len(port_definitions) == 0 else ("  extraPortMappings:\n" f"{''.join(port_definitions)}")
+    return "" if len(port_definitions) == 0 else ("  extraPortMappings:\n" f"{"".join(port_definitions)}")
 
 
 # Note: this makes any duplicate definition in b overwrite a
@@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ def envs_from_environment_variables_map(map: Mapping[str, str]) -> List[client.V
 
 
 def env_var_name_for_service(svc):
-    return f"STACK_SVC_{svc.metadata.labels['service'].upper()}".replace("-", "_")
+    return f"STACK_SVC_{svc.metadata.labels["service"].upper()}".replace("-", "_")
 
 
 # This needs to know:
diff --git a/src/stack/deploy/webapp/run_webapp.py b/src/stack/deploy/webapp/run_webapp.py
index 77ba186..ffaec4e 100644
--- a/src/stack/deploy/webapp/run_webapp.py
+++ b/src/stack/deploy/webapp/run_webapp.py
@@ -75,4 +75,4 @@ def command(ctx, image, config_file, port):
     # TODO: This assumes a Docker container object...
     if webappPort in container.network_settings.ports:
         mapping = container.network_settings.ports[webappPort][0]
-        output_main(f"""Image: {image}\nID: {container.id}\nURL: http://localhost:{mapping['HostPort']}""")
+        output_main(f"""Image: {image}\nID: {container.id}\nURL: http://localhost:{mapping["HostPort"]}""")
diff --git a/src/stack/update.py b/src/stack/update.py
index 2e7b4fa..fba6b02 100644
--- a/src/stack/update.py
+++ b/src/stack/update.py
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ def command(ctx, check_only, distribution_url):
     if not os.access(shiv_binary_path, os.W_OK):
         error_exit(f"Cannot write to {shiv_binary_path}.  Try: sudo {shiv_binary_path} update")
 
-    timestamp_filename = f"stack-download-{datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%y%m%d-%H%M%S')}"
+    timestamp_filename = f"stack-download-{datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%y%m%d-%H%M%S")}"
     temp_download_path = shiv_binary_path.parent.joinpath(timestamp_filename)
     # Download the file to a temp filename
     log_debug(f"Downloading from: {distribution_url} to {temp_download_path}")