[UD] Update Node.js version from 20 to 24

[olexii4]

Is your enhancement related to a problem? Please describe

Update Node.js version from 20 to 24 in workflows and Dockerfile.

Describe the solution you'd like

Update GitHub Actions workflows to use Node.js 24 instead of 20
Update pr.yml: Change "Use Node 20" to "Use Node 24" and node-version to 24
Update pr.yml: Change build matrix from [18.x, 20.x] to [18.x, 24.x]
Update release.yml: Change node-version from "20" to "24"
Update Dockerfile: Upgrade base image from node:18.19.1 to node:24.0.2

Describe alternatives you've considered

No response

Additional context

No response