diff --git a/.vscode/extensions.json b/.vscode/extensions.json
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..379947e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.vscode/extensions.json
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+  "recommendations": ["ms-python.python", "meta.pyrefly"]
+}
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index ad45866..093fc3a 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -37,6 +37,7 @@ fix: format ## apply auto-fixes
 lint: ## lint
 	uv run ruff check .
 	uv run ty check
+	uv run pyrefly check
 
 .PHONY: test
 test: ## run tests
diff --git a/pyproject.toml b/pyproject.toml
index 213ed2d..7c86fda 100644
--- a/pyproject.toml
+++ b/pyproject.toml
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ dev = [
     "coverage>=7.8.0",
     "jupyterlab>=4.4.2",
     "pre-commit>=4.2.0",
+    "pyrefly>=0.44.1",
     "pytest>=8.3.5",
     "pytest-cov>=6.1.1",
     "ruff>=0.11.7",
@@ -51,3 +52,9 @@ show_missing = true
 
 [tool.ty]
 environment = { python-version = "3.10" }
+
+[tool.pyrefly]
+project-includes = [
+    "**/*.py*",
+    "**/*.ipynb",
+]
diff --git a/uv.lock b/uv.lock
index 1cd8497..2f8e7c9 100644
--- a/uv.lock
+++ b/uv.lock
@@ -567,7 +567,7 @@ name = "exceptiongroup"
 version = "1.3.1"
 source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
 dependencies = [
-    { name = "typing-extensions", marker = "python_full_version < '3.13'" },
+    { name = "typing-extensions", marker = "python_full_version < '3.11'" },
 ]
 sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/50/79/66800aadf48771f6b62f7eb014e352e5d06856655206165d775e675a02c9/exceptiongroup-1.3.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:8b412432c6055b0b7d14c310000ae93352ed6754f70fa8f7c34141f91c4e3219", size = 30371, upload-time = "2025-11-21T23:01:54.787Z" }
 wheels = [
@@ -1689,6 +1689,22 @@ wheels = [
     { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/93/78/b93cb80bd673bdc9f6ede63d8eb5b4646366953df15667eb3603be57a2b1/pymdown_extensions-10.17.2-py3-none-any.whl", hash = "sha256:bffae79a2e8b9e44aef0d813583a8fea63457b7a23643a43988055b7b79b4992", size = 266556, upload-time = "2025-11-26T15:43:55.162Z" },
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "pyrefly"
+version = "0.44.1"
+source = { registry = "https://pypi.org/simple" }
+sdist = { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/da/d8/b2ae5bdb24be6d81728a5de6b7bf10d2e84f9dcbdc29d084aca724f87262/pyrefly-0.44.1.tar.gz", hash = "sha256:9ec70988588f39c20bab25827ffb706f6b985acc43ec5f6bad6d3bc1f6881def", size = 3942165, upload-time = "2025-12-04T00:08:04.103Z" }
+wheels = [
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/de/ed/87c2ecbf796dd8868db889e02f4bf7cd3e41c53ef7dbbf9a0803a093fbba/pyrefly-0.44.1-py3-none-macosx_10_12_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:99e2e5d388eeeecf51c30d430563f04e40a5fc5352f3dab82a8f85aca1af2318", size = 9977353, upload-time = "2025-12-04T00:07:40.433Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/0b/df/1923f02370b92d84ccc2634342f2c9635e6c5a4ff53d81fc0e1540a47753/pyrefly-0.44.1-py3-none-macosx_11_0_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:89c9d503b040613da2a8ae7044c6530a1d8b8c6dbb13465617e1adb2c99b2e31", size = 9565577, upload-time = "2025-12-04T00:07:43.133Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/08/8a/26e95330ba127d642a11026f5e926ba84daaa1f4930c6c546c57d6aa3aa5/pyrefly-0.44.1-py3-none-manylinux_2_17_aarch64.manylinux2014_aarch64.whl", hash = "sha256:64969d6b44018f70670b416d74c56d80b949933f2651c0673a89359a6816bdde", size = 9813767, upload-time = "2025-12-04T00:07:45.788Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/73/c4/79625096a3fa4f3a2c043df4fdb842b65e37f5ff4df741229b9b7bcc4117/pyrefly-0.44.1-py3-none-manylinux_2_17_i686.manylinux2014_i686.whl", hash = "sha256:82a90514f452912c5013162e0d00c5d3eac1265e77be69dd47a73530eced1cdc", size = 10654009, upload-time = "2025-12-04T00:07:49.43Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/0c/b7/45c60666403606274715cc6c5e6112ca3f1377af7d23b1495f0ba24c4748/pyrefly-0.44.1-py3-none-manylinux_2_17_x86_64.manylinux2014_x86_64.whl", hash = "sha256:30b4fa577509f927cbcb2f7ad092307ca5a91bc137d74679671e1a6e4fb6f629", size = 10293339, upload-time = "2025-12-04T00:07:52.548Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/26/6d/aa934774460a9f7ac8f4dbf0423e058901589d8afe3ad4dd1e1ae8eadab0/pyrefly-0.44.1-py3-none-win32.whl", hash = "sha256:d77d7b7f7df7edf40dfca16cc6e2de17ac5c377ba558c9b350d10484a807b04b", size = 9717767, upload-time = "2025-12-04T00:07:55.586Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/47/4f/7705110ae44d42b0f006745c9f432a19090d2002daf25f5f356608b1112e/pyrefly-0.44.1-py3-none-win_amd64.whl", hash = "sha256:7c0ca181400fdd382b4eb24ade6a6f6787c513566b77acb8f79750f80e80133b", size = 10371240, upload-time = "2025-12-04T00:07:58.823Z" },
+    { url = "https://files.pythonhosted.org/packages/88/ff/b3e20628f6477489a366f6ff98d0ec6c74de643913c58c82eb4d73b1ef1a/pyrefly-0.44.1-py3-none-win_arm64.whl", hash = "sha256:5e8cc66acd173e2612361c03ef7b45d7245c04b09cbd24042b27c6081f6cd809", size = 9946460, upload-time = "2025-12-04T00:08:01.8Z" },
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "pytest"
 version = "9.0.1"
@@ -2212,6 +2228,7 @@ dev = [
     { name = "coverage" },
     { name = "jupyterlab" },
     { name = "pre-commit" },
+    { name = "pyrefly" },
     { name = "pytest" },
     { name = "pytest-cov" },
     { name = "ruff" },
@@ -2234,6 +2251,7 @@ dev = [
     { name = "coverage", specifier = ">=7.8.0" },
     { name = "jupyterlab", specifier = ">=4.4.2" },
     { name = "pre-commit", specifier = ">=4.2.0" },
+    { name = "pyrefly", specifier = ">=0.44.1" },
     { name = "pytest", specifier = ">=8.3.5" },
     { name = "pytest-cov", specifier = ">=6.1.1" },
     { name = "ruff", specifier = ">=0.11.7" },