Braintrust Migration Tool

⚠️ WARNING: Large-scale migrations (especially logs/experiments) can be extremely expensive and operationally risky. This tool includes streaming + resumable migration for high-volume event streams, but TB-scale migrations have not been fully soak-tested in production-like conditions. Use with caution and test on a subset first.

A Python CLI & library for migrating Braintrust organizations with maximum fidelity, using direct HTTP requests (via httpx) against the Braintrust REST API.

Overview

This tool provides migration capabilities for Braintrust organizations, handling everything from AI provider credentials to project-level data. It is best suited for small-scale migrations, such as moving POC/test data to a new deployment.

Organization administrators migrating between environments (dev → staging → prod)
Teams consolidating multiple organizations
Enterprises setting up new Braintrust instances
Developers contributing to migration tooling

Key Capabilities

Resource Coverage: Migrates most Braintrust resources including AI secrets, datasets, prompts, functions, experiments, and more
Dependency Resolution: Handles resource dependencies (e.g., functions referenced by prompts, datasets referenced by experiments)
Organization vs Project Scope: Org-level resources are migrated once, project-level resources per project
Real-time Progress: Live progress indicators and detailed migration reports
High-volume Streaming: Logs, experiment events, and dataset events are migrated via BTQL sorted pagination (by _pagination_key) with bounded insert batches
Resume + Idempotency: Per-resource/per-experiment checkpoints + a SQLite "seen ids" store enable safe resume and help avoid duplicate inserts/overwrites
Rate Limit Resilience: Automatic LIMIT backoff on 500/504 errors (retries with progressively smaller page sizes: 1000 → 500 → 250 → ...)

Features

Migration Features

Dependency-Aware Migration: Resources are migrated in an order that respects dependencies (see below)
Organization Scoping: AI secrets, roles, and groups migrated once at org level
Batch Processing: Configurable batch sizes for optimal performance

Reliability Features

Retry Logic: Adaptive retries with exponential backoff + jitter; respects Retry-After when rate-limited (429)
Validation: Pre-flight connectivity and permission checks
Error Recovery: Detailed error reporting with actionable guidance

Observability Features

Real-time Progress: Live updates on what's being created, skipped, or failed
Comprehensive Reporting: JSON + human-readable migration summaries
Structured Logging: JSON and text formats with configurable detail levels
Skip Analysis: Detailed breakdowns of why resources were skipped

Installation

Prerequisites

Python 3.8+ (3.12+ recommended)
API Keys for source and destination Braintrust organizations
Network Access to Braintrust API endpoints

Quick Start

# Clone the repository
git clone https://github.com/braintrustdata/braintrust-migrate
cd braintrust-migrate

# Install uv if not already installed
curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh

# Install with uv (recommended)
uv sync --all-extras
source .venv/bin/activate

# Or install with pip
pip install -e .

# Verify installation
braintrust-migrate --help

Development Setup

# Install development dependencies
uv sync --all-extras --dev

# Install pre-commit hooks
pre-commit install

# Run tests to verify setup
pytest

Configuration

Configuration Reference

All options can be set via environment variables or CLI flags. CLI flags take precedence over environment variables.

Required Settings

Environment Variable	CLI Flag	Default	Description
`BT_SOURCE_API_KEY`	—	—	Required. API key for source organization
`BT_SOURCE_URL`	—	`https://api.braintrust.dev`	Source Braintrust API URL
`BT_DEST_API_KEY`	—	—	Required. API key for destination organization
`BT_DEST_URL`	—	`https://api.braintrust.dev`	Destination Braintrust API URL

Migration Scope

Environment Variable	CLI Flag	Default	Description
`MIGRATION_RESOURCES`	`--resources`, `-r`	`all`	Comma-separated list of resources to migrate. Options: `all`, `ai_secrets`, `roles`, `groups`, `datasets`, `project_tags`, `span_iframes`, `functions`, `prompts`, `project_scores`, `experiments`, `logs`, `views`
`MIGRATION_PROJECTS`	`--projects`, `-p`	(all projects)	Comma-separated list of project names to migrate
`MIGRATION_CREATED_AFTER`	`--created-after`	(none)	Only migrate data created on or after this date (inclusive: `>=`). Format: `YYYY-MM-DD` or ISO-8601
`MIGRATION_CREATED_BEFORE`	`--created-before`	(none)	Only migrate data created before this date (exclusive: `<`). Format: `YYYY-MM-DD` or ISO-8601

Logging

Environment Variable	CLI Flag	Default	Description
`LOG_LEVEL`	`--log-level`, `-l`	`INFO`	Log verbosity. Options: `DEBUG`, `INFO`, `WARNING`, `ERROR`, `CRITICAL`
`LOG_FORMAT`	`--log-format`, `-f`	`text`	Log output format. Options: `json`, `text`

State & Checkpoints

Environment Variable	CLI Flag	Default	Description
`MIGRATION_STATE_DIR`	`--state-dir`, `-s`	`./checkpoints`	Directory for migration state and checkpoints. Can be a root dir, run dir, or project dir (see Resume section)

Performance Tuning

Environment Variable	CLI Flag	Default	Description
`MIGRATION_BATCH_SIZE`	—	`100`	Number of resources to process per batch
`MIGRATION_RETRY_ATTEMPTS`	—	`3`	Number of retry attempts for failed operations (0 = no retries)
`MIGRATION_RETRY_DELAY`	—	`1.0`	Initial retry delay in seconds (exponential backoff)
`MIGRATION_MAX_CONCURRENT`	—	`10`	Maximum concurrent operations
`MIGRATION_CHECKPOINT_INTERVAL`	—	`50`	Write checkpoint every N successful operations

Streaming Migration (Logs, Experiments, Datasets)

These settings control BTQL-based streaming for high-volume resources.

Environment Variable	CLI Flag	Default	Description
`MIGRATION_EVENTS_FETCH_LIMIT`	—	`1000`	BTQL fetch page size (rows per query)
`MIGRATION_EVENTS_INSERT_BATCH_SIZE`	—	`200`	Events per insert API call
`MIGRATION_EVENTS_USE_SEEN_DB`	—	`true`	Use SQLite store for deduplication
`MIGRATION_LOGS_FETCH_LIMIT`	`--logs-fetch-limit`	(inherits)	Override fetch limit for logs only
`MIGRATION_LOGS_INSERT_BATCH_SIZE`	`--logs-insert-batch-size`	(inherits)	Override insert batch size for logs only

Resource-specific overrides follow the pattern MIGRATION_{RESOURCE}_FETCH_LIMIT, MIGRATION_{RESOURCE}_INSERT_BATCH_SIZE, MIGRATION_{RESOURCE}_USE_SEEN_DB where {RESOURCE} is LOGS, EXPERIMENT_EVENTS, or DATASET_EVENTS.

Insert Request Sizing

Environment Variable	CLI Flag	Default	Description
`MIGRATION_INSERT_MAX_REQUEST_BYTES`	—	`6291456` (6MB)	Maximum HTTP request payload size
`MIGRATION_INSERT_REQUEST_HEADROOM_RATIO`	—	`0.75`	Target ratio of max size (0.75 = ~4.5MB effective limit)

Other Options

Environment Variable	CLI Flag	Default	Description
—	`--dry-run`, `-n`	`false`	Validate configuration without making changes
—	`--config`, `-c`	(none)	Path to YAML/JSON configuration file
`MIGRATION_COPY_ATTACHMENTS`	—	`false`	Copy Braintrust-managed attachments between orgs
`MIGRATION_ATTACHMENT_MAX_BYTES`	—	`52428800` (50MB)	Maximum attachment size to copy

Environment Variables

Create a .env file with your configuration:

# Copy the example file
cp .env.example .env

Example .env file:

# Required: API keys
BT_SOURCE_API_KEY=your_source_api_key_here
BT_DEST_API_KEY=your_destination_api_key_here

# Optional: Custom URLs (defaults to https://api.braintrust.dev)
# BT_SOURCE_URL=https://api.braintrust.dev
# BT_DEST_URL=https://api.braintrust.dev

# Optional: Logging
LOG_LEVEL=INFO
LOG_FORMAT=text

# Optional: Date filtering
# MIGRATION_CREATED_AFTER=2026-01-01
# MIGRATION_CREATED_BEFORE=2026-02-01

Getting API Keys

Log into Braintrust → Go to your organization settings
Navigate to API Keys → Usually under Settings or Developer section
Generate New Key → Create with appropriate permissions:
- Source: Read permissions for all resource types
- Destination: Write permissions for resource creation
Copy Keys → Add to your .env file

Permission Requirements:

Source org: read:all or specific resource read permissions
Destination org: write:all or specific resource write permissions

Usage

Basic Commands

Validate Configuration:

# Test connectivity and permissions
braintrust-migrate validate

Complete Migration:

# Migrate all resources
braintrust-migrate migrate

Selective Migration:

# Migrate specific resource types
braintrust-migrate migrate --resources ai_secrets,datasets,prompts

# Migrate specific projects only
braintrust-migrate migrate --projects "Project A","Project B"

Resume Migration:

# Resume from last checkpoint (automatic)
#
# `--state-dir` (or MIGRATION_STATE_DIR) can be:
# - a root directory (creates a new timestamped run dir under it)
# - a run directory (resumes that run)
# - a project directory within a run (resumes that run and infers the project)
#
# Root checkpoints dir (new run):
braintrust-migrate migrate --state-dir ./checkpoints
#
# Resume from a specific run:
braintrust-migrate migrate --state-dir ./checkpoints/20260113_212530
#
# Resume just one project from a run:
braintrust-migrate migrate --state-dir ./checkpoints/20260113_212530/langgraph-supervisor --resources logs

Advanced Usage

Custom Configuration:

braintrust-migrate migrate \
  --state-dir ./production-migration \
  --log-level DEBUG \
  --log-format text \
  --batch-size 50

Dry Run (Validation Only):

braintrust-migrate migrate --dry-run

Time-based Filtering:

# Migrate data from a specific date onward (inclusive: >=)
braintrust-migrate migrate --created-after 2026-01-15

# Migrate data before a specific date (exclusive: <)
braintrust-migrate migrate --created-before 2026-02-01

# Date range: migrate all of January 2026
braintrust-migrate migrate --created-after 2026-01-01 --created-before 2026-02-01

Semantics: --created-after is inclusive (>=), --created-before is exclusive (<). This half-open interval [after, before) makes date ranges intuitive—e.g., "all of January" is --created-after 2026-01-01 --created-before 2026-02-01.

CLI Reference

# General help
braintrust-migrate --help

# Command-specific help
braintrust-migrate migrate --help
braintrust-migrate validate --help

Migration Process

Resource Migration Order

The migration follows a dependency-aware order:

Organization-Scoped Resources (Migrated Once)

AI Secrets - AI provider credentials (OpenAI, Anthropic, etc.)
Roles - Organization-level role definitions
Groups - Organization-level user groups

Project-Scoped Resources (Migrated Per Project)

Datasets - Training and evaluation data
Project Tags - Project-level metadata tags
Span Iframes - Custom span visualization components
Functions - Tools, scorers, tasks, and LLMs (migrated before prompts)
Prompts - Template definitions that can use functions as tools
Project Scores - Scoring configurations
Experiments - Experiment metadata + event streams (BTQL sorted pagination)
Logs - Project logs / traces (BTQL sorted pagination)
Views - Custom project views

Smart Dependency Handling

Functions are migrated before prompts to ensure all function references in prompts can be resolved.
Experiments handle dependencies on datasets and other experiments (via base_exp_id) in a single pass with dependency-aware ordering.
ID mapping and dependency resolution are used throughout to ensure references are updated to the new organization/project.
Prompts are migrated in a single pass; prompt origins and tool/function references are remapped via ID mappings.
ACLs: Support is present in the codebase but may be experimental or disabled by default.
Agents and users: Not supported for migration (users are org-specific; agents are not present in the codebase).

Progress Monitoring

Real-time Updates:

2024-01-15 10:30:45 [info] Starting organization-scoped resource migration
2024-01-15 10:30:46 [info] ✅ Created AI secret: 'OpenAI API Key' (src-123 → dest-456)
2024-01-15 10:30:47 [info] ⏭️  Skipped role: 'Admin' (already exists)
2024-01-15 10:30:48 [info] Starting project-scoped resource migration
2024-01-15 10:30:49 [info] ✅ Created dataset: 'Training Data' (src-789 → dest-012)

Comprehensive Reporting: After migration, you'll get:

JSON Report (migration_report.json) - Machine-readable detailed results
Human Summary (migration_summary.txt) - Readable overview with skip analysis
Checkpoint Files - Resume state for interrupted migrations

Checkpointing & Resume

The tool uses two-level checkpointing for streaming resources (logs, experiments, datasets):

Level 1: Resource Metadata

{project}/experiments_state.json - tracks which experiments are created
Contains completed_ids, failed_ids, and id_mapping (source → dest)
On resume: skips experiments in completed_ids

Level 2: Event Streaming State (per-experiment/dataset)

{project}/experiment_events/{exp_id}_state.json - BTQL pagination position
{project}/experiment_events/{exp_id}_seen.sqlite3 - deduplication store
Tracks btql_min_pagination_key (resume point) and counters (fetched/inserted)
On resume: continues from last _pagination_key

Example: If you migrate 100 experiments and crash after:

✅ Metadata created for experiments 1-50
✅ All events migrated for experiments 1-30
⚠️ 50% of events migrated for experiment 31 (crashed mid-stream)

On resume: skips 1-30 (done), resumes experiment 31 from saved _pagination_key, continues with 32-100.

Resource Types

The following resource types are supported:

AI Secrets (organization-scoped)
Roles (organization-scoped)
Groups (organization-scoped)
Datasets
Project Tags
Span Iframes
Functions
Prompts
Project Scores
Experiments
Logs
Views
ACLs (experimental; may be disabled)

Note: Agents and users are not supported for migration.

Troubleshooting

Common Issues

1. Authentication Errors

# Verify API keys
braintrust-migrate validate

# Check key permissions
curl -H "Authorization: Bearer $BT_SOURCE_API_KEY" \
     https://api.braintrust.dev/v1/organization

2. Dependency Errors

Circular Dependencies: If you hit a dependency loop, try migrating the involved resource types separately (or re-run; idempotent resources will skip)
Missing Resources: Check source organization for required dependencies
Permission Issues: Ensure API keys have read/write access

3. Performance Issues

# Reduce batch size
export MIGRATION_BATCH_SIZE=25

# Increase retry delay
export MIGRATION_RETRY_DELAY=2.0

# Migrate incrementally
braintrust-migrate migrate --resources ai_secrets,datasets
braintrust-migrate migrate --resources prompts,functions

4. Network Issues

Timeouts: Increase retry attempts and delay
Rate Limits: Reduce batch size and concurrent operations; the client respects Retry-After when throttled (429)
Connectivity: Verify firewall and proxy settings

Tip: If you want rate-limit retries/backoff to actually happen, ensure MIGRATION_RETRY_ATTEMPTS is greater than 0. If it is set to 0, the tool will fail fast on 429/5xx without retrying.

Debug Mode

Enable detailed logging for troubleshooting:

# Maximum verbosity
braintrust-migrate migrate \
  --log-level DEBUG \
  --log-format text

# Focus on specific issues
export LOG_LEVEL=DEBUG
braintrust-migrate validate

Recovery Strategies

Resume Interrupted Migration:

# Automatic resume (recommended)
braintrust-migrate migrate

# Manual checkpoint specification (run directory)
braintrust-migrate migrate --state-dir ./checkpoints/20240115_103045

# Or point directly at a single project's checkpoint directory
braintrust-migrate migrate --state-dir ./checkpoints/20240115_103045/ProjectA --resources logs

Partial Re-migration:

# Re-migrate specific resource types
braintrust-migrate migrate --resources experiments,logs

# Re-migrate specific projects
braintrust-migrate migrate --projects "Failed Project"

Project Structure

braintrust_migrate/
├── __init__.py                   # Package initialization
├── config.py                     # Configuration models (Pydantic)
├── client.py                     # Braintrust API client wrapper
├── orchestration.py              # Migration orchestrator & reporting
├── cli.py                        # Command-line interface (Typer)
├── resources/                    # Resource-specific migrators
│   ├── __init__.py
│   ├── base.py                   # Abstract base migrator class
│   ├── ai_secrets.py             # AI provider credentials
│   ├── datasets.py               # Training/evaluation data
│   ├── prompts.py                # Prompt templates
│   ├── functions.py              # Tools, scorers, tasks
│   ├── experiments.py            # Evaluation runs
│   ├── logs.py                   # Execution traces
│   ├── roles.py                  # Organization roles
│   ├── groups.py                 # Organization groups
│   └── views.py                  # Project views
└── checkpoints/                  # Migration state (created at runtime)
    ├── organization/             # Org-scoped resource checkpoints
    └── project_name/            # Project-scoped checkpoints

tests/
├── unit/                         # Unit tests (fast)
├── integration/                  # Integration tests (API mocking)
└── e2e/                         # End-to-end tests (real API)

Development

Contributing

We welcome contributions! Here's how to get started:

1. Setup Development Environment:

# Fork and clone the repository
git clone https://github.com/yourusername/migration-tool.git
cd migration-tool

# Install development dependencies
uv sync --all-extras --dev

# Install pre-commit hooks
pre-commit install

2. Development Workflow:

# Create feature branch
git checkout -b feature/your-feature-name

# Make changes and test
pytest                           # Run tests
ruff check --fix                # Lint and format
mypy braintrust_migrate         # Type checking

# Commit with pre-commit hooks
git commit -m "feat: add your feature"

3. Testing:

# Run all tests
pytest

# Run with coverage
pytest --cov=braintrust_migrate --cov-report=html

# Run specific test categories
pytest tests/unit/              # Fast unit tests
pytest tests/integration/       # Integration tests
pytest tests/e2e/              # End-to-end tests

Code Quality Standards

Type Hints: All functions must have type annotations
Documentation: Docstrings for public APIs
Testing: New features require tests
Linting: Code must pass ruff checks
Formatting: Automatic formatting with ruff format

Adding New Resource Types

To add support for a new Braintrust resource type:

Create Migrator Class in braintrust_migrate/resources/new_resource.py
Extend Base Class from ResourceMigrator[ResourceType]
Implement Required Methods: list_source_resources, migrate_resource, etc.
Add to Orchestration in appropriate scope (organization vs project)
Write Tests covering the new functionality
Update Documentation including this README

Migration Examples

Example 1: Development to Production

# Setup environment for dev → prod migration
cat > .env << EOF
BT_SOURCE_API_KEY="dev_org_api_key_here"
BT_SOURCE_URL="https://api.braintrust.dev"
BT_DEST_API_KEY="prod_org_api_key_here"  
BT_DEST_URL="https://api.braintrust.dev"
LOG_LEVEL=INFO
EOF

# Validate before migrating
braintrust-migrate validate

# Run complete migration
braintrust-migrate migrate

Example 2: Incremental Migration

# Phase 1: Setup and data
braintrust-migrate migrate --resources ai_secrets,datasets

# Phase 2: Logic and templates  
braintrust-migrate migrate --resources prompts,functions

# Phase 3: Experiments and results
braintrust-migrate migrate --resources experiments,logs

Example 3: Specific Project Migration

# Migrate only specific projects
braintrust-migrate migrate --projects "Customer Analytics","Model Evaluation"

# Later migrate remaining projects
braintrust-migrate migrate

Example 4: Resume After Failure

# If migration fails partway through:
braintrust-migrate migrate
# Automatically resumes from last checkpoint

# Or specify checkpoint directory:
braintrust-migrate migrate --state-dir ./checkpoints/20240115_103045

API Documentation

Braintrust API Resources

Migration Tool APIs

Config Models: See braintrust_migrate/config.py for configuration options
Resource Migrators: Base classes in braintrust_migrate/resources/base.py
Client Wrapper: API helpers in braintrust_migrate/client.py

Support

Getting Help

Check Documentation: Start with this README and inline code documentation
Review Logs: Enable debug logging for detailed troubleshooting information
Validate Setup: Use braintrust-migrate validate to test configuration
Check Issues: Search existing GitHub issues for similar problems
Create Issue: Open a new issue with detailed information including:
- Error messages and logs
- Configuration (sanitized)
- Migration command used
- Environment details

Best Practices

Before Migration:

Test with a small subset of data first
Backup critical data in source organization
Verify API key permissions
Plan for AI secret reconfiguration

During Migration:

Monitor progress through logs
Don't interrupt during critical operations
Keep network connection stable

After Migration:

Verify migrated data completeness
Reconfigure AI provider credentials
Test functionality in destination organization
Archive migration reports for compliance

License

This project is licensed under the MIT License. See the LICENSE file for details.

Quick Reference

Essential Commands

braintrust-migrate validate                    # Test setup
braintrust-migrate migrate                     # Full migration
braintrust-migrate migrate --dry-run           # Validation only
braintrust-migrate migrate --resources ai_secrets,datasets  # Selective migration

Key Files

.env - Configuration
checkpoints/ - Migration state
migration_report.json - Detailed results
migration_summary.txt - Human-readable summary

Important Notes

AI Secrets: Only metadata migrated; manually configure actual API keys
Dependency Order: Functions are migrated before prompts; all dependencies are resolved via ID mapping
Organization Scope: Some resources migrated once, others per project
Resume Capability: Interrupted migrations automatically resume from checkpoints
Not for Large-Scale Data: This tool is not thoroughly tested for large-scale logs or experiments. Use for POC/test data only.

Name		Name	Last commit message	Last commit date
Latest commit History 29 Commits
.github/workflows		.github/workflows
braintrust_migrate		braintrust_migrate
docs		docs
scripts		scripts
tests		tests
.env.example		.env.example
.gitignore		.gitignore
LICENSE		LICENSE
README.md		README.md
openapi_spec.json		openapi_spec.json
pyproject.toml		pyproject.toml
uv.lock		uv.lock

License

braintrustdata/braintrust-migrate

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Braintrust Migration Tool

Overview

Key Capabilities

Features

Migration Features

Reliability Features

Observability Features

Installation

Prerequisites

Quick Start

Development Setup

Configuration

Configuration Reference

Required Settings

Migration Scope

Logging

State & Checkpoints

Performance Tuning

Streaming Migration (Logs, Experiments, Datasets)

Insert Request Sizing

Other Options

Environment Variables

Getting API Keys

Usage

Basic Commands

Advanced Usage

CLI Reference

Migration Process

Resource Migration Order

Organization-Scoped Resources (Migrated Once)

Project-Scoped Resources (Migrated Per Project)

Smart Dependency Handling

Progress Monitoring

Checkpointing & Resume

Resource Types

Troubleshooting

Common Issues

Debug Mode

Recovery Strategies

Project Structure

Development

Contributing

Code Quality Standards

Adding New Resource Types

Migration Examples

Example 1: Development to Production

Example 2: Incremental Migration

Example 3: Specific Project Migration

Example 4: Resume After Failure

API Documentation

Braintrust API Resources

Migration Tool APIs

Support

Getting Help

Best Practices

License

Quick Reference

Essential Commands

Key Files

Important Notes

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