Add Sphinx documentation and Read the Docs config

[camUrban]

Introduces a full documentation site for PteraSoftware using Sphinx, including configuration files, custom templates, static assets, and example content. Adds .readthedocs.yaml for Read the Docs integration and updates IDE settings for a dedicated docs virtual environment.

Description

Adds documentation hosted by Read the Docs.

Motivation

Hopefully this will make getting started with Ptera Software more accessible.

Relevant Issues

Closes #57

Changes

• Added new dependencies to docs\requirements_docs.txt
• Added directories docs\_static, docs\_templates, docs\favicons, and docs\internals for storing assets for the documentation website
• Added files .readthedocs.yaml, docs\api.md, docs\conf.py, docs\examples.md, docs\index.md, docs\install.md docs\internals.md, and docs\quickstart.md to configure the website
• Added the auto-generated documentation content in docs/_build/ to the .gitignore

New Dependencies

Development Dependencies

• furo
• myst-parser
• sphinx
• sphinx-autoapi
• sphinx-copybutton

Change Magnitude

Minor: Small change such as a bug fix, small enhancement, or documentation update.

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Checklist

• I have created or claimed an issue for this work as described in Contributing Code.
• My branch is based on main and is up to date with the upstream main branch.
• All calculations use S.I. units.
• Code is formatted with black (line length = 88).
• Code is well documented with block comments where appropriate.
• Any external code, algorithms, or equations used have been cited in comments or docstrings.
• All new modules, classes, functions, and methods have docstrings in reStructuredText format, and are formatted using docformatter (--in-place --black).
• All new classes, functions, and methods use type hints.
• If any major functionality was added or significantly changed, I have added or updated tests in the tests package.
• Code locally passes all tests in the tests package.
• After pushing, PR passes all automated checks (codespell, black, mypy, and tests).
• PR description links all relevant issues and follows this template.

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 87.33%. Comparing base (6a10acd) to head (3efef8a).

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff           @@
##             main      #58   +/-   ##
=======================================
  Coverage   87.33%   87.33%           
=======================================
  Files          28       28           
  Lines        4597     4597           
=======================================
  Hits         4015     4015           
  Misses        582      582           

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