sqlite: add sqlite prepare options args

[araujogui]

Fixes #61235

[nodejs-github-bot]

Review requested:

• @nodejs/sqlite

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 84.81013% with 12 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 88.51%. Comparing base (842448b) to head (faaec9f).
⚠️ Report is 3 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/node_sqlite.cc	84.81%	7 Missing and 5 partials ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #61311      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   88.00%   88.51%   +0.51%     
==========================================
  Files         704      704              
  Lines      208739   208818      +79     
  Branches    40196    40292      +96     
==========================================
+ Hits       183706   184841    +1135     
+ Misses      16992    15982    -1010     
+ Partials     8041     7995      -46     

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
src/node_sqlite.h	80.39% <ø> (ø)
src/node_sqlite.cc	80.32% <84.81%> (+0.15%)	⬆️

... and 98 files with indirect coverage changes

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