server: Add feature flags that helps TiKV to implement feature gate that doesn't depend on incremental semver

[MyonKeminta]

What problem does this PR solve?

Issue Number: Close #10204 , Ref https://github.com/tidbcloud/cloud-storage-engine/issues/4052

• Requires Add feature_flags field to PutStoreRequest and StoreHeartbeatResponse pingcap/kvproto#1396

What is changed and how does it work?

Adds support for receiving feature flags from TiKV and send cluster feature flags via StoreHeartbeatResponse. This makes it possible for TiKV to implement a feature gate without depending on incremental semver.

Check List

Tests

• Unit test
• Integration test
• Manual test (add detailed scripts or steps below)
• No code

Code changes

• Has the configuration change
• Has HTTP API interfaces changed (Don't forget to add the declarative for the new API)
• Has persistent data change

Side effects

• Possible performance regression
• Increased code complexity
• Breaking backward compatibility

Related changes

• PR to update pingcap/docs/pingcap/docs-cn:
• PR to update pingcap/tiup:
• Need to cherry-pick to the release branch

Release note

None.

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 94.28571% with 2 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 78.67%. Comparing base (b668f43) to head (a6e1ca8).
⚠️ Report is 8 commits behind head on master.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master   #10143      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   78.59%   78.67%   +0.07%     
==========================================
  Files         520      520              
  Lines       70014    70114     +100     
==========================================
+ Hits        55028    55159     +131     
+ Misses      11008    10995      -13     
+ Partials     3978     3960      -18     

Flag	Coverage Δ
unittests	78.67% <94.28%> (+0.07%)	⬆️

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