Pass keyword arguments to SQLAlchemy relationships in SQLModel relationships

CHANGES.rst

@@ -1,6 +1,23 @@
 Version history
 ===============
 
+**UNRELEASED**
+
+- **BACKWARD INCOMPATIBLE** API changes (for those who customize code generation by
+  subclassing the existing generators):
+
+  * Added new optional keyword argument, ``explicit_foreign_keys`` to
+    ``DeclarativeGenerator``, to force foreign keys to be rendered as
+    ``ClassName.attribute_name`` string references
+  * Removed the ``render_relationship_args()`` method from the SQLModel generator
+  * Added two new methods for customizing relationship rendering in
+    ``DeclarativeGenerator``:
+
+    * ``render_relationship_annotation()``: returns the appropriate type annotation
+      (without the ``Mapped`` wrapper) for the relationship
+    * ``render_relationship_arguments()``: returns a dictionary of keyword arguments to
+      ``sqlalchemy.orm.relationship()``
+
 **4.0.0rc3**
 
 - **BACKWARD INCOMPATIBLE** Relationship names changed when multiple FKs or junction tables
@@ -14,6 +31,8 @@ Version history
   ``students_enrollments``). Use ``--options nofknames`` to revert to old behavior. (PR by @sheinbergon)
 - Fixed ``Index`` kwargs (e.g. ``mysql_length``) being ignored during code generation
   (PR by @luliangce)
+- Fixed the SQLModel generator not adding the ``foreign_keys`` parameters when
+  generating multiple relationships between the same two tables
 
 **4.0.0rc2**
 

src/sqlacodegen/generators.py

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 import sys
 from abc import ABCMeta, abstractmethod
 from collections import defaultdict
-from collections.abc import Collection, Iterable, Sequence
+from collections.abc import Collection, Iterable, Mapping, Sequence
 from dataclasses import dataclass
 from importlib import import_module
 from inspect import Parameter
@@ -1001,10 +1001,12 @@ def __init__(
         *,
         indentation: str = "    ",
         base_class_name: str = "Base",
+        explicit_foreign_keys: bool = False,
     ):
         super().__init__(metadata, bind, options, indentation=indentation)
         self.base_class_name: str = base_class_name
         self.inflect_engine = inflect.engine()
+        self.explicit_foreign_keys = explicit_foreign_keys
 
     def generate_base(self) -> None:
         self.base = Base(
@@ -1626,6 +1628,33 @@ def render_column_attribute(self, column_attr: ColumnAttribute) -> str:
         return f"{column_attr.name}: Mapped[{rendered_column_python_type}] = {rendered_column}"
 
     def render_relationship(self, relationship: RelationshipAttribute) -> str:
+        kwargs = self.render_relationship_arguments(relationship)
+        annotation = self.render_relationship_annotation(relationship)
+        rendered_relationship = render_callable(
+            "relationship", repr(relationship.target.name), kwargs=kwargs
+        )
+        return f"{relationship.name}: Mapped[{annotation}] = {rendered_relationship}"
+
+    def render_relationship_annotation(
+        self, relationship: RelationshipAttribute
+    ) -> str:
+        match relationship.type:
+            case RelationshipType.ONE_TO_MANY:
+                return f"list[{relationship.target.name!r}]"
+            case RelationshipType.ONE_TO_ONE | RelationshipType.MANY_TO_ONE:
+                if relationship.constraint and any(
+                    col.nullable for col in relationship.constraint.columns
+                ):
+                    self.add_literal_import("typing", "Optional")
+                    return f"Optional[{relationship.target.name!r}]"
+                else:
+                    return f"'{relationship.target.name}'"
+            case RelationshipType.MANY_TO_MANY:
+                return f"list[{relationship.target.name!r}]"
+
+    def render_relationship_arguments(
+        self, relationship: RelationshipAttribute
+    ) -> Mapping[str, Any]:
         def render_column_attrs(column_attrs: list[ColumnAttribute]) -> str:
             rendered = []
             for attr in column_attrs:
@@ -1641,7 +1670,7 @@ def render_foreign_keys(column_attrs: list[ColumnAttribute]) -> str:
             render_as_string = False
             # Assume that column_attrs are all in relationship.source or none
             for attr in column_attrs:
-                if attr.model is relationship.source:
+                if not self.explicit_foreign_keys and attr.model is relationship.source:
                     rendered.append(attr.name)
                 else:
                     rendered.append(f"{attr.model.name}.{attr.name}")
@@ -1697,33 +1726,7 @@ def render_join(terms: list[JoinType]) -> str:
         if relationship.backref:
             kwargs["back_populates"] = repr(relationship.backref.name)
 
-        rendered_relationship = render_callable(
-            "relationship", repr(relationship.target.name), kwargs=kwargs
-        )
-
-        relationship_type: str
-        if relationship.type == RelationshipType.ONE_TO_MANY:
-            relationship_type = f"list['{relationship.target.name}']"
-        elif relationship.type in (
-            RelationshipType.ONE_TO_ONE,
-            RelationshipType.MANY_TO_ONE,
-        ):
-            relationship_type = f"'{relationship.target.name}'"
-            if relationship.constraint and any(
-                col.nullable for col in relationship.constraint.columns
-            ):
-                self.add_literal_import("typing", "Optional")
-                relationship_type = f"Optional[{relationship_type}]"
-        elif relationship.type == RelationshipType.MANY_TO_MANY:
-            relationship_type = f"list['{relationship.target.name}']"
-        else:
-            self.add_literal_import("typing", "Any")
-            relationship_type = "Any"
-
-        return (
-            f"{relationship.name}: Mapped[{relationship_type}] "
-            f"= {rendered_relationship}"
-        )
+        return kwargs
 
 
 class DataclassGenerator(DeclarativeGenerator):
@@ -1778,6 +1781,7 @@ def __init__(
             options,
             indentation=indentation,
             base_class_name=base_class_name,
+            explicit_foreign_keys=True,
         )
 
     @property
@@ -1858,34 +1862,26 @@ def render_column_attribute(self, column_attr: ColumnAttribute) -> str:
         return f"{column_attr.name}: {rendered_column_python_type} = {rendered_field}"
 
     def render_relationship(self, relationship: RelationshipAttribute) -> str:
-        rendered = super().render_relationship(relationship).partition(" = ")[2]
-        args = self.render_relationship_args(rendered)
-        kwargs: dict[str, Any] = {}
-        annotation = repr(relationship.target.name)
+        kwargs = self.render_relationship_arguments(relationship)
+        annotation = self.render_relationship_annotation(relationship)
+
+        native_kwargs: dict[str, Any] = {}
+        non_native_kwargs: dict[str, Any] = {}
+        for key, value in kwargs.items():
+            # The following keyword arguments are natively supported in Relationship
+            if key in ("back_populates", "cascade_delete", "passive_deletes"):
+                native_kwargs[key] = value
+            else:
+                non_native_kwargs[key] = value
 
-        if relationship.type in (
-            RelationshipType.ONE_TO_MANY,
-            RelationshipType.MANY_TO_MANY,
-        ):
-            annotation = f"list[{annotation}]"
-        else:
-            self.add_literal_import("typing", "Optional")
-            annotation = f"Optional[{annotation}]"
+        if non_native_kwargs:
+            native_kwargs["sa_relationship_kwargs"] = (
+                "{"
+                + ", ".join(
+                    f"{key!r}: {value}" for key, value in non_native_kwargs.items()
+                )
+                + "}"
+            )
 
-        rendered_field = render_callable("Relationship", *args, kwargs=kwargs)
+        rendered_field = render_callable("Relationship", kwargs=native_kwargs)
         return f"{relationship.name}: {annotation} = {rendered_field}"
-
-    def render_relationship_args(self, arguments: str) -> list[str]:
-        argument_list = arguments.split(",")
-        # delete ')' and ' ' from args
-        argument_list[-1] = argument_list[-1][:-1]
-        argument_list = [argument[1:] for argument in argument_list]
-
-        rendered_args: list[str] = []
-        for arg in argument_list:
-            if "back_populates" in arg:
-                rendered_args.append(arg)
-            if "uselist=False" in arg:
-                rendered_args.append("sa_relationship_kwargs={'uselist': False}")
-
-        return rendered_args

tests/test_generator_sqlmodel.py

@@ -142,6 +142,66 @@ class SimpleGoods(SQLModel, table=True):
     )
 
 
+def test_onetomany_multiref(generator: CodeGenerator) -> None:
+    Table(
+        "simple_items_multiref",
+        generator.metadata,
+        Column("id", INTEGER, primary_key=True),
+        Column("parent_container_id", INTEGER),
+        Column("top_container_id", INTEGER, nullable=False),
+        ForeignKeyConstraint(
+            ["parent_container_id"], ["simple_containers_multiref.id"]
+        ),
+        ForeignKeyConstraint(["top_container_id"], ["simple_containers_multiref.id"]),
+    )
+    Table(
+        "simple_containers_multiref",
+        generator.metadata,
+        Column("id", INTEGER, primary_key=True),
+    )
+
+    validate_code(
+        generator.generate(),
+        """\
+            from typing import Optional
+
+            from sqlalchemy import Column, ForeignKey, Integer
+            from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, SQLModel
+
+            class SimpleContainersMultiref(SQLModel, table=True):
+                __tablename__ = 'simple_containers_multiref'
+
+                id: int = Field(sa_column=Column('id', Integer, primary_key=True))
+
+                simple_items_multiref_parent_container: list['SimpleItemsMultiref'] = \
+Relationship(back_populates='parent_container', sa_relationship_kwargs={\
+'foreign_keys': '[SimpleItemsMultiref.parent_container_id]'})
+                simple_items_multiref_top_container: list['SimpleItemsMultiref'] = \
+Relationship(back_populates='top_container', sa_relationship_kwargs={'foreign_keys': \
+'[SimpleItemsMultiref.top_container_id]'})
+
+
+            class SimpleItemsMultiref(SQLModel, table=True):
+                __tablename__ = 'simple_items_multiref'
+
+                id: int = Field(sa_column=Column('id', Integer, primary_key=True))
+                top_container_id: int = \
+Field(sa_column=Column('top_container_id', \
+ForeignKey('simple_containers_multiref.id'), nullable=False))
+                parent_container_id: Optional[int] = \
+Field(default=None, sa_column=Column('parent_container_id', \
+ForeignKey('simple_containers_multiref.id')))
+
+                parent_container: Optional['SimpleContainersMultiref'] = Relationship(\
+back_populates='simple_items_multiref_parent_container', sa_relationship_kwargs={\
+'foreign_keys': '[SimpleItemsMultiref.parent_container_id]'})
+                top_container: 'SimpleContainersMultiref' = Relationship(\
+back_populates='simple_items_multiref_top_container', sa_relationship_kwargs={\
+'foreign_keys': '[SimpleItemsMultiref.top_container_id]'})
+        """,
+    )
+
+
 def test_onetoone(generator: CodeGenerator) -> None:
     Table(
         "simple_onetoone",
@@ -167,7 +227,7 @@ class OtherItems(SQLModel, table=True):
                 id: int = Field(sa_column=Column('id', Integer, primary_key=True))
 
                 simple_onetoone: Optional['SimpleOnetoone'] = Relationship(\
-sa_relationship_kwargs={'uselist': False}, back_populates='other_item')
+back_populates='other_item', sa_relationship_kwargs={'uselist': False})
 
 
             class SimpleOnetoone(SQLModel, table=True):