[KF-7315] Update base to 24.04

[deusebio]

The code here was used to raise a couple of sample PRs:

• [KF-7315] Update bases to 24.04 canonical/admission-webhook-operator#186
• [KF-7315] Update bases to 24.04 canonical/katib-operators#303

In order to raise these PRs, the following input YAML was used:

# test.main.yaml
- branch: main
  charms:
  - name: admission_webhook
    path: .
  url: https://github.com/canonical/admission-webhook-operator
- branch: main
  charms:
  - name: katib_controller
    path: charms/katib-controller
  - name: katib_db_manager
    path: charms/katib-db-manager
  - name: katib_ui
    path: charms/katib-ui
  url: https://github.com/canonical/katib-operators

[deusebio]

Superseded by #6